itwrabs - Introduction to world religion and belief Systems

Introduction

PICTURE OF VARIOUS SIGN

In the Grade 11 HUMSS curriculum developed by the Department of Education (DepEd), students are introduced to the diverse tapestry of world religions and belief systems. This comprehensive educational program aims to deepen students' understanding of the cultural, historical, and philosophical dimensions of various faith traditions, fostering a sense of respect and inclusivity in a multicultural society.

The study of world religions in the DepEd curriculum equips students with a broad perspective on the beliefs, practices, and rituals that shape different societies around the globe. By exploring the fundamental tenets of major religions such as Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, and others, students gain insight into the rich tapestry of human spirituality and cultural heritage.

Moreover, the curriculum delves into the historical contexts in which these religions emerged, tracing their evolution and influence on societies throughout the ages. Through a critical examination of primary texts, religious artifacts, and archaeological evidence, students are encouraged to analyze and interpret the impact of religion on art, politics, ethics, and social structures.

Furthermore, the DepEd curriculum for Grade 11 HUMSS facilitates discussions on the interplay between religion, belief systems, and contemporary issues such as globalization, secularism, religious extremism, and interfaith dialogue. By engaging with these complex topics, students develop critical thinking skills and a nuanced understanding of the role of religion in shaping individual identities and collective worldviews.

The inclusion of "Introduction to World Religion and Belief Systems" in the DepEd curriculum for Grade 11 HUMSS underscores the importance of promoting religious literacy, cultural sensitivity, and mutual respect in a diverse and interconnected world. Through this educational endeavor, students are empowered to navigate the complexities of our global society with empathy, tolerance, and a profound appreciation for the richness of human experience across different faith traditions.

First Grading

Subject Description: The course explores the main tenets and practices of major world religions: Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Theravada Buddhism, Mahayana

Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism and Shintoism. It aims to help learners understand the historical contexts of nine religions, appreciate their uniqueness and similarities and

promote mutual understanding among believers of different faiths. They are expected to demonstrate understanding and appreciation of one’s faith and that of others.

1. Content : Definition of Terms

CONTENT STANDARD: The learner demonstrates understanding of belief system or worldview*, Religion, Spirituality, Philosophy of Religion, and Theology. *The elements of religion, belief system and spirituality must be discussed here.

PERFORMANCE STANDARD : The learner prepares character sketches of a person who is spiritual but not religious and a person who is religious but not spiritual.

LEARNING COMPETENCY:
1.1    Give an example of a belief system or a worldview Communicate her* understanding of her religion * Refers to all genders - CODE HUMSS_WRB12- I/IIIa-1.1
1.2.     Differentiate religion from:
a. Spirituality
b. Theology
c. Philosophy of Religion
Differentiate between religion as humans’ way to God, theology as a study of God’s way to humans and philosophy as a reflection of humans’ lived experience of God - CODE HUMSS_WRB12- I/IIIa-1.2
1.3.    Infer that: a. A belief system or worldview is a particular way of ordering the realities of one’s world.
b. Religion is the pursuit of transformation guided by a sacred belief system.
c. Spirituality is one’s integrative view of life. It involves a quest for the meaning and ultimate value of life as opposed to an instrumentalist or materialistic attitude to life.
The elements of religion are: (a) reflects an effort to elevate their whole self to a higher dimension of existence, (b) a framework of
transcendent beliefs, (c) text or scriptures, (d) rituals, and (e) sacred spaces (e.g., church, temple, mosque, synagogue).
Understanding the worldview of each of the world’s major religions is critical in appreciating their rituals and practices. These worldviews are:
All is one (Monistic)

Many Gods (Polytheistic)
One God (Monotheistic)
No God (Atheistic)
The elements of spirituality are: (a) holistic (fully integrated view to life), (b) quest for meaning (including the purpose of life), (c)
quest for the sacred (beliefs about God), and (d) suggests a self-reflective existence.
1.4. Prepare character sketches of a person who is spiritual but not religious and a person who is religious but not spiritual - CODE HUMSS_WRB12- I/IIIa-1.4

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Topic
1.1 Give an example of a belief system or a worldview Communicate her* understanding of her religion * Refers to all genders
A belief system or worldview refers to a set of principles, values, and beliefs that shape an individual's understanding of the world and their place within it. Here are some examples of belief systems or worldviews:
1. **Religious Worldviews**:

- Christianity: Belief in God, Jesus Christ as Savior, salvation through faith, and moral teachings based on the Bible.
- **Islam**: Belief in Allah, the Prophet Muhammad as the final messenger, the Quran as sacred scripture, and adherence to the Five Pillars.
- **Hinduism**: Belief in a supreme being (Brahman), karma, reincarnation, dharma (duty), and various gods and goddesses.
- **Buddhism**: Belief in the Four Noble Truths, the Eightfold Path, karma, and achieving enlightenment (nirvana) through meditation and ethical living.
- **Judaism**: Belief in Yahweh as the one God, the Torah as sacred scripture, moral and ethical teachings, and the covenant with God.
- **Sikhism**: Belief in one God (Waheguru), the teachings of the Guru Granth Sahib, karma, seva (selfless service), and equality of all people.
Worldviews:

Theism:
Definition: The belief in the existence of a deity or deities who actively intervene in the world's affairs.
Example: Christianity, Islam, Judaism.
Pantheism:

Definition: The belief that everything in the universe is divine, and that the universe itself is God.
Example: Hinduism (some interpretations), certain forms of New Age spirituality.
Polytheism:

Definition: The belief in and worship of multiple gods or deities.
Example: Ancient Greek religion, Norse mythology, certain forms of Hinduism.
Naturalism:

Definition: A worldview that posits the natural world as the only reality, rejecting the existence of any supernatural beings or forces.
Example: Scientific materialism, some forms of atheism.
Humanism:

Definition: A worldview centered on human values, potential, and dignity, without necessarily including belief in a deity or supernatural elements.
Example: Secular humanism, Renaissance humanism.
Postmodernism:

Definition: A philosophical stance that challenges the idea of objective truth and emphasizes the importance of perspective, context, and subjectivity.
Example: Postmodern art and literature, cultural and literary criticism.
Cosmocentric, Theocentric, Anthropocentric, and Secular:
Cosmocentric:

Definition: A worldview that places the cosmos or universe at the center of existence, often attributing spiritual or moral significance to the natural order.
Example: Some forms of pantheism and certain ecological philosophies.
Theocentric:

Definition: A worldview where a deity or deities are the central focus, influencing and directing all aspects of existence.
Example: Theism in its various forms (e.g., monotheism, polytheism).
Anthropocentric:

Definition: A worldview that places human beings at the center of significance and value in the universe.
Example: Humanism, where human concerns, values, and dignity are paramount.
Secular:

Definition: A worldview that is not based on religious or spiritual beliefs, often emphasizing reason, empirical evidence, and humanistic values.
Example: Secularism in governance, scientific inquiry guided by naturalism, and some forms of atheism.
Each of these worldviews and orientations offers a distinct perspective on the nature of existence, the universe, and humanity's place within it, influencing how individuals and societies interpret and navigate the world around them.

2. **Secular Worldviews**:

- **Humanism**: Emphasis on human reason, ethics, and justice, rejecting supernatural explanations and focusing on human potential and well-being.
- **Naturalism**: Belief that the natural world is all that exists, rejecting supernatural or spiritual explanations for phenomena.
- **Scientific Materialism**: Focus on empirical evidence, scientific method, and natural laws to understand the universe, rejecting supernatural or metaphysical explanations.
3. **Philosophical Worldviews**:

- **Existentialism**: Emphasis on individual existence, freedom, choice, and the inherent meaninglessness of the universe, with an emphasis on personal responsibility.
- **Stoicism**: Focus on virtue, reason, self-control, and resilience in the face of adversity, accepting the natural order of the universe.
- **Nihilism**: Belief that life is without objective meaning, purpose, or intrinsic value, often leading to skepticism or rejection of traditional values and beliefs.
4. **Indigenous Worldviews**:

- **Native American Spirituality**: Beliefs in animism, reverence for nature, spirits, ancestors, and ceremonies to maintain harmony and balance.
- **African Traditional Religions**: Beliefs in ancestral worship, spirits, rituals, and community values that emphasize interconnectedness and respect for nature.
5. **New Age and Spiritual Worldviews**:

- **New Age Spirituality**: Emphasis on personal growth, spiritual healing, alternative therapies, and beliefs in reincarnation, karma, and cosmic consciousness.
- **Wicca and Paganism**: Nature-based religions with beliefs in multiple deities, rituals, magic, and honoring the cycles of nature.

These examples illustrate the diversity of belief systems and worldviews that individuals and communities adopt to make sense of existence, morality, and the larger cosmos. Each worldview provides a framework for understanding the fundamental questions of life, such as the nature of reality, human purpose, and ethical conduct.

1.2 - a. Spirituality:
Focus: Spirituality focuses on the individual's personal experience and connection with the transcendent or divine.
Nature: It is often seen as a subjective and experiential approach to exploring the meaning of life, existence, and the divine.
Practice: It may or may not involve organized rituals, doctrines, or institutions; instead, it emphasizes personal growth, inner peace, and the search for deeper meaning.
Examples: Practices like meditation, prayer, mindfulness, and contemplation are common in spiritual traditions.
b. Theology:
Definition: Theology is the systematic study and interpretation of the divine, religious beliefs, doctrines, and traditions within a particular religious framework.
Focus: It examines the nature of God or the gods, religious texts, rituals, moral principles, and the relationship between humans and the divine.
Academic Discipline: Theology is often studied academically in universities and seminaries, and it involves critical analysis, interpretation, and philosophical reflection on religious teachings.
Examples: Christian theology, Islamic theology (kalam), Hindu theology (darsana), etc., each focusing on the specifics of their respective religious traditions.
c. Philosophy of Religion:

Definition: The philosophy of religion is a branch of philosophy that explores philosophical questions regarding religion, including the nature of religious experiences, the existence of God, the problem of evil, and the relationship between faith and reason.
Focus: It examines religious concepts and beliefs using rational and logical methods, often addressing broader human questions that transcend specific religious traditions.
Approach: Unlike theology, which is typically within the framework of a particular religion, the philosophy of religion is more concerned with critical analysis, argumentation, and exploration of religious concepts from a philosophical standpoint.
Examples: Arguments for the existence of God (cosmological, teleological, ontological), ethics in religious traditions, religious pluralism, etc.
Summary:
Religion typically refers to organized systems of beliefs, practices, and institutions concerning the divine or spiritual.
Spirituality is personal and experiential, focusing on inner growth, connection with the divine, and meaning in life.
Theology is the systematic study within a specific religious tradition, focusing on doctrines, beliefs, and the nature of the divine.
Philosophy of Religion is a philosophical exploration of religious concepts, beliefs, and practices, often using rational inquiry and critical analysis.
These distinctions help clarify how each term approaches the study and understanding of spiritual and religious phenomena.
Understanding the Essence of Religion, Theology, and Philosophy in the Human Experience of God
In exploring the intricate relationship between humanity and divinity, the concepts of religion, theology, and philosophy serve as essential frameworks for understanding the complexities of our connection to the divine. Each discipline offers a unique perspective on how humans perceive, study, and reflect upon their experience of God, shedding light on the diverse ways we engage with the spiritual realm.
Religion: Humans' Way to God
Religion, as a fundamental aspect of human culture and spirituality, provides a structured pathway for individuals and communities to navigate their relationship with the divine. It encompasses beliefs, rituals, practices, and moral codes that guide adherents in their quest for spiritual fulfillment and connection with God. Religion serves as a conduit for expressing faith, seeking meaning, and fostering a sense of belonging within a religious community. It offers a framework of beliefs and practices that shape individuals' understanding of the sacred and their place in the universe.
Theology: Study of God’s Way to Humans
On the other hand, theology delves into the intellectual inquiry and systematic study of God's nature, attributes, and relationship with humanity. It seeks to illuminate the mysteries of faith, drawing upon sacred texts, traditions, and philosophical reasoning to deepen our comprehension of the divine. Theology explores theological doctrines, ethical principles, and theodicy, aiming to elucidate the ways in which God interacts with and reveals Himself to humanity. It serves as a scholarly discipline that engages in critical reflection on religious beliefs and seeks to articulate coherent interpretations of the divine-human relationship.
Philosophy: Reflection of Humans’ Lived Experience of God
Philosophy, with its emphasis on rational inquiry and critical reflection, offers a platform for examining the lived experience of God from a humanistic perspective. It explores questions of existence, reality, ethics, and metaphysics, contemplating the nature of divinity and the implications of our spiritual encounters. Philosophy invites individuals to engage in intellectual discourse, ethical deliberation, and contemplative reflection on the profound questions of faith and existence. It provides a space for individuals to grapple with the complexities of human-divine interaction, offering diverse philosophical frameworks for interpreting and understanding the divine presence in our lives.
The triad of religion, theology, and philosophy presents a multifaceted approach to exploring the human experience of God. While religion offers a communal framework for spiritual practice and belief, theology delves into the scholarly study of God's revelations to humanity. Philosophy, in turn, provides a platform for reflective inquiry and critical engagement with the lived experience of the divine. By embracing the nuances of these disciplines, individuals can deepen their understanding of the divine-human relationship and enrich their spiritual journey towards a deeper connection with God.
Through the lens of religion, theology, and philosophy, we embark on a profound exploration of our spiritual essence, seeking to unravel the mysteries of faith, reason, and human-divine interconnectedness. As we navigate the intricate tapestry of our relationship with the divine, let us embrace the diversity of perspectives offered by these disciplines, cultivating a deeper appreciation for the profound complexities of the human experience of God.
To provide a comprehensive exploration of the distinctions between religion, theology, and philosophy in the context of the human experience of God, emphasizing the unique contributions of each discipline to our understanding of the divine-human relationship.

HUMSS SUBJRCTS IN GRADE 11

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Certainly! The Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) Strand for Grade 11 at Calubian National High School includes a variety of subjects. Here’s an overview of the subjects offered in the HUMSS strand:

Oral Communication in Context
Reading and Writing Skills
Media and Information Literacy
Physical Education and Health
Komunikasyon at Pananaliksik sa Wika at Kulturang Pilipino
Pagbasa at Pagsusuri ng Iba’t-Ibang Teksto Tungo sa Pananaliksik
Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person
Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions
21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Physical Science
General Mathematics
Statistics and Probability
Earth and Life Science
Personal Development/ Pansariling Kaunlaran
Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics
English for Academic and Professional Purposes
Pagsulat sa Filipino sa Piling Larangan (Akademik)
Research in Daily Life 1
Entrepreneurship
Empowerment Technologies (E-Tech): ICT for Professional Tracks
Research in Daily Life 2
Research Project
Introduction to World Religions and Belief Systems
Creative Writing / Malikhaing Pagsulat
Creative Nonfiction: The Literary Essay
Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences
Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences
Philippine Politics and Governance
Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century Culture
Community Engagement, Solidarity, and Citizenship
Culminating Activity
Please note that some subjects have prerequisites, which are indicated in the Curriculum Guides. The total hours per day for these subjects are as follows:

1st Semester: 6.6 hours
2nd Semester: 6.6 hours

References :